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پیاپی 75 (پاییز 1399)

Diabetes exerts a negative effect on sexual satisfaction in different ways. This disease commonly affects women within the age range of 20-40 years who are at the peak of their sexual activity. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an intervention based on sexual concerns (couple counseling based on BETTER (bring up, explain, tell, timing, educate, and record) model) in the sexual satisfaction of women with type 1 diabetes.

The present study was conducted based on a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a 3-month follow-up < /em> period. The study population consisted of all married women with type 1 diabetes with a medical record in the Diabetes Association in Hamadan.  Out of this population, 40 cases were selected by purposive sampling randomly and assigned to two groups of experimental and control. Couple counseling intervention based on the BETTER model was performed during four sessions, while the control group did not receive any training. Thereafter, the results were analyzed using the repeated measures AVOVA test.

As evidenced by the obtained results, couple counseling based on the BETTER model was effective in sexual satisfaction and this effect persists 3 months beyond the intervention.

The results of the present study showed that the health and sexual satisfaction of women with physical illnesses are usually neglected. Furthermore, sexual satisfaction was reportedly effective on life satisfaction and health promotion

Organizational health is the ability of an organization to adapt to environmental conditions and develop the ability of itself and its employees to attain its set goals and objectives. Due to the existence of multiple patterns and the lack of a specific model for hospitals, the current study aimed to design an organizational health model for Iranian hospitals.

Initially, the existing organizational health models were obtained by searching reputable electronic databases and domestic and foreign websites. Comparative analysis was performed to examine the overlapping of the desired models. After calculating the compliance percentage, the items above 30% were designed as a checklist and were given to 30 relevant specialists to perform the Delphi technique which was conducted in two stages.

A total of 13 models were obtained in the study of organizational health. The checklist obtained from the overlapping of these cases included three domains, 13 dimensions, and 25 concepts (as a subset of dimensions) that two dimensions and five concepts in the Delphi stages did not score and were eliminated. The final model was approved containing 3 domains (namely staff, management, and organization), 11 dimensions (including morale, scientific emphasis, communication adequacy, commitment, participation, adherence, duty orientation, manager influence, focus on goals, innovation, and problem-solving adequacy) and 20 concepts. The highest percentages in the two stages of the Delphi method were reported in the dimensions of morale (85.3%), the influence of the manager (75.2%), and scientific emphasis (73.4%).

The model obtained for the health system has been localized and includes organizational health in hospitals. It can be used in hospitals to inform about the state of organizational health and its improvement.

Abstract

Inadequate food intake in hospitalized patients leads to malnutrition which causes numerous negative adverse effects, including increased mortality and the length of hospital stay. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of food intake of hospitalized patients in Imam Reza Medical Hospital.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad in 2019. The data gathering tool was a checklist that is part of the standard Nutrition Day checklist. The selected section of this standard checklist measures the patient's food intake and the reason for food refusal. The obtained data were analyzed in  SPSS  software (version 16).

As evidenced by the obtained results, the patients hospitalized in the cardiovascular ward  (85.7%) and gastroenterology department  (81.3%) had the highest rate of food consumption, whereas the lowest consumption was related to the patient of the trauma department  (63.2%). Food refusal was due to nausea and vomiting, anorexia, and reluctance to eat certain foods. The highest nutrition education was conducted in the departments of gastroenterology and hepatology (37.5%) and oncology (33.3%).

Hospital managers need to take effective measures to increase nurses' awareness of the importance of specialized nutrition education. Furthermore, there is a need to increase the number of nutritionists in patients' bedside.

The present study aimed to determine the effect of group-based logotherapy on the level of anxiety and acceptance of disease in blind and visually impaired patients.

This quasi-experimental research was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included blind and visually impaired people who referred to the Samen-al-Aeme Center for blind people in Mashhad during the first half of 2019. In total, 40 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were non-randomly assigned to the intervention (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The intervention group received group-based logotherapy for 10 sessions. Subjects in both groups completed the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire developed by Bond et al. (2011) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (1990) in both pretest and posttest stages. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA).

According to the findings, 10 sessions of group-based logotherapy had a significant effect on reducing anxiety (P<0.001) and increasing acceptance of the disease (P<0.001) in the intervention group, compared to the control group in the post-test stage.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that group-based logotherapy leads to the reduction of anxiety and an increase of acceptance of the disease in blind and visually impaired individuals. For this reason, it is recommended that therapeutic counselors and psychologists, receive the necessary training to administrate this therapy.

Fatty liver is a type of fat accumulation in liver cells that causing a malignant process leading to the fibrosis of the liver tissue and cellular destruction if left unchecked. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of HIIT exercises with thyme supplement on the plasma lipoproteins and liver enzymes of male patients with fatty liver.

The present semi-experimental study was carried out on 40 men with fatty liver who were randomly divided into four groups of HIIT exercises and thyme supplement, HIIT exercises and placebo, thyme supplement, and control. The supplement groups received a 2-g capsule daily for 2 weeks. In addition, the placebo group received a 1-g starch capsule in two meals (i.e., lunch and dinner) for 2 weeks. The subjects performed a researcher-made HIIT training protocol in six sessions for 2 weeks. The results were analyzed using covariance analysis and paired t-test. The significance level was considered to be P ≤ 0.05.

The results of statistical analysis showed that the plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein enzymes had a significant decrease after 2 weeks of HIIT exercises with thyme supplement (P≤0.05). The obtained findings also showed that high-density lipoprotein was reported with a significant increase after 2 weeks of HIIT exercises with thyme supplement (P≤0.05).

The results of this study demonstrated that HIIT exercises with thyme supplement affect liver enzymes and plasma lipids.

A negative cognitive schema, or cognitive triangle, follows a stressful event and sets the stage for depression in individuals. Recognizing and evaluating the cognitive triangle can pave the way for researchers to control depression. The present study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of cognitive triad inventory used for obese people.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 150 obese people (body mass index>30) residing in Karaj, Iran, during 2019. In total, 80 (47%) females and 70 (53%) males participated in this study. After the validity assessment of the translated version of the questionnaire, exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFI) were used to evaluate its construct validity. Moreover, Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Finally, the collected data were analyzed in SPSS (version 23) and PLS software (version 2).

The EFA showed 6 factors, namely "self-positive", "self-negative", "positive world", "negative world", "positive future", and "negative future" with a variance of 57% and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin of 89. Furthermore, these items were confirmed with CFI (goodness of fit=0.58). The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha method and was calculated at 93%.

According to the results, the validity and reliability of Beck's cognitive triad can be confirmed. Therefore, this questionnaire can be used to correctly identify the causes of depression.

Hospitals are among the best platforms for the provision of health promotion and prevention services. The recent mission of hospitals is to change the treatment-oriented attitude to a health-oriented attitude. The present study aimed to determine the indicators of health-promoting hospitals of the World Health Organization in one of the specialized hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

This practical study was performed in a hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The status of the hospital was evaluated using the self-assessment checklist of health-promoting hospitals of the World Health Organization. The evaluation has been carried out in five standards, including management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, promotion of a healthy workplace, and continuity in treatment and cooperation. Data were analyzed in SPSS software ( version 21) and Excel 2013.

The obtained results were indicative of unfavorable conditions of the hospital in terms of management policy, compared to other standards of hospitalization, patient information and medical interventions, promotion of a healthy work environment, and continuity in treatment and cooperation, according to the indicators of Health Promoting Hospitals of the World Health Organization.

As evidenced by the results of the study, according to the indicators of health-promoting hospitals of the World Health Organization, this hospital is not in a good condition, and the management policy was the weakest among other standards. It is suggested that due to the importance of changing the direction of hospitals from traditional to health promotion, more efforts should be made to include this hospital in the list of health-promoting hospitals of the World Health Organization.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a specific type of pneumonia firstly observed in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and immediately spread all over the world. Following the worldwide trend in coping with this pandemic, individuals in Iran started to experience a new lifestyle in the quarantine period in order to remain safe from the disease. Home quarantine entails psychological, social, and economic consequences and requires the support and supervision of medical staff for implementation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how to spend leisure time during home quarantine in order to prevent COVID-19 infection among the individuals in Jahrom, Iran, in 2020.

In the present cross-sectional descriptive study, 402 individuals residing in Jahrom participated in an online survey in 2020. The techniques for data collection used in this study involved the application of a demographic information questionnaire and self-made questionnaire investigating the way individuals spend their leisure time during home quarantine. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 21) and descriptive and inferential tests.

Several home activities for leisure time with the highest frequency rates were reported as hobbies, life activities, skill acquisition, exercises and physical activities, spiritual activities, studying, and scientific activities, respectively. In this study, there was no statistically significant relationship between demographic variables and total score of leisure time (P<0.05).

The results of the present study showed that hobbies and life activities for the prevention of COVID-19 during home quarantine were observed with the highest frequency. Therefore, it is suggested to the officials and policymakers of the country to take measures in order to increase the leisure time of families during the COVID-19 pandemic; accordingly, individuals will be able to engage in activities of interest at home.

The Nobel Prize is one of the most valuable prizes in the world which is awarded to prominent scientists according to the will of Alfred Nobel. Undoubtedly, it has a valuable message for struggling young individuals and can inspire them to achieve great honors. Therefore, the present article aimed to review the Nobel Prize winners in the field of cardiology.

In this review study, the required data were collected from books on the Nobel Prize and the related articles that could be found on websites, such as Pubmed, Noormags, Magiran, and the Scientific Jihad Information Center. Subsequently, notes were taken and the findings were presented in the form of an article.

Based on the findings, Carrel conducted research on preservation, tissue culture, and organ transplantation and devised stitching techniques. Einthoven discovered the ECG mechanism. The research carried out by Corneille Heyman led to the discovery of the aortic sinus and its mechanism as well as the area that was sensitive to chemical changes in the carotid artery. Cournand invented a catheter that could easily enter the heart and a needle that was inserted into the artery which could be x-rayed. Forssmann invented cardiac vein catheterization. Richard performed a great deal of research on the pulmonary artery in patients with pulmonary disease and cardiac catheterization and was successful in treating congenital heart disease. Black discovered the anti-adrenaline beta-receptor and in collaboration with other researchers developed the first beta-blocker, called pronethalol, and propranolol.

The biography of these prominent scientists indicates that they were deeply interested in research and worked with indefinable perseverance in spite of the obstacles they faced in their paths.